Move type operations to another structure

Every type has free, print, check_constraints, ber_decoder, der_encoder,
xer_decoder, xer_encoder, uper_decoder, uper_encoder and outmost_tag
operations. We move them out to a separate structure asn_TYPE_operation_t.

Combined with previous logic simplification, these operations are based
on ASN.1 basic types, constructed types and string types. So we can
reduce the space occupied by asn_TYPE_descriptor_t variables.

Fix issue 180 and 182