split test suite in one file per test case

Makefile

@@ -79,7 +79,8 @@ pretty:
 	   --indent-col1-comments --pad-oper --pad-header --align-pointer=type \
 	   --align-reference=type --add-brackets --convert-tabs --close-templates \
 	   --lineend=linux --preserve-date --suffix=none --formatted \
-	   src/json.hpp src/json.hpp.re2c test/src/unit.cpp test/src/fuzz.cpp benchmarks/benchmarks.cpp doc/examples/*.cpp
+	   src/json.hpp src/json.hpp.re2c test/src/*.cpp \
+	   benchmarks/benchmarks.cpp doc/examples/*.cpp
 
 
 ##########################################################################

test/CMakeLists.txt

@@ -3,7 +3,33 @@ set(JSON_UNITTEST_TARGET_NAME "json_unit")
 add_executable(${JSON_UNITTEST_TARGET_NAME}
     "src/catch.hpp"
     "src/unit.cpp"
-    "src/unit-runner.cpp"
+    "src/unit-algorithms.cpp"
+    "src/unit-allocator.cpp"
+    "src/unit-capacity.cpp"
+    "src/unit-class_const_iterator.cpp"
+    "src/unit-class_iterator.cpp"
+    "src/unit-class_lexer.cpp"
+    "src/unit-class_parser.cpp"
+    "src/unit-comparison.cpp"
+    "src/unit-concepts.cpp"
+    "src/unit-constructor.cpp"
+    "src/unit-convenience.cpp"
+    "src/unit-conversions.cpp"
+    "src/unit-deserialization.cpp"
+    "src/unit-element_access.cpp"
+    "src/unit-inspection.cpp"
+    "src/unit-iterator_wrapper.cpp"
+    "src/unit-iterators.cpp"
+    "src/unit-json_patch.cpp"
+    "src/unit-json_pointer.cpp"
+    "src/unit-modifiers.cpp"
+    "src/unit-pointer_access.cpp"
+    "src/unit-readme.cpp"
+    "src/unit-reference_access.cpp"
+    "src/unit-regression.cpp"
+    "src/unit-serialization.cpp"
+    "src/unit-testsuites.cpp"
+    "src/unit-unicode.cpp"
 )
 
 set_target_properties(${JSON_UNITTEST_TARGET_NAME} PROPERTIES

test/Makefile

@@ -3,19 +3,49 @@
 ##########################################################################
 
 # additional flags
-CXXFLAGS += -std=c++11 -Wall -Wextra -pedantic -Weffc++ -Wcast-align -Wcast-qual -Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wdisabled-optimization -Wformat=2 -Winit-self -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-include-dirs -Wold-style-cast -Woverloaded-virtual -Wredundant-decls -Wshadow -Wsign-conversion -Wsign-promo -Wstrict-overflow=5 -Wswitch -Wundef -Wno-unused -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Wreorder -Wdeprecated -Wfloat-equal
+CXXFLAGS += -std=c++11 -Wall -Wextra -pedantic -Weffc++ -Wcast-align -Wcast-qual -Wctor-dtor-privacy -Wdisabled-optimization -Wformat=2 -Winit-self -Wmissing-declarations -Wmissing-include-dirs -Wold-style-cast -Woverloaded-virtual -Wredundant-decls -Wshadow -Wsign-conversion -Wsign-promo -Wstrict-overflow=5 -Wswitch -Wundef -Wno-unused -Wnon-virtual-dtor -Wreorder -Wdeprecated -Wno-keyword-macro -Wno-float-equal
 CPPFLAGS += -I ../src -I .
 
-SOURCES = src/unit-runner.cpp src/unit.cpp
+SOURCES = src/unit.cpp \
+          src/unit-algorithms.cpp \
+          src/unit-allocator.cpp \
+          src/unit-capacity.cpp \
+          src/unit-class_const_iterator.cpp \
+          src/unit-class_iterator.cpp \
+          src/unit-class_lexer.cpp \
+          src/unit-class_parser.cpp \
+          src/unit-comparison.cpp \
+          src/unit-concepts.cpp \
+          src/unit-constructor.cpp \
+          src/unit-convenience.cpp \
+          src/unit-conversions.cpp \
+          src/unit-deserialization.cpp \
+          src/unit-element_access.cpp \
+          src/unit-inspection.cpp \
+          src/unit-iterator_wrapper.cpp \
+          src/unit-iterators.cpp \
+          src/unit-json_patch.cpp \
+          src/unit-json_pointer.cpp \
+          src/unit-modifiers.cpp \
+          src/unit-pointer_access.cpp \
+          src/unit-readme.cpp \
+          src/unit-reference_access.cpp \
+          src/unit-regression.cpp \
+          src/unit-serialization.cpp \
+          src/unit-unicode.cpp \
+          src/unit-testsuites.cpp
+
 OBJECTS = $(SOURCES:.cpp=.o)
 
 all: json_unit
 
 json_unit: $(OBJECTS) ../src/json.hpp src/catch.hpp
-	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $(OBJECTS) -o $@
+	@echo "[CXXLD] $@"
+	@$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(LDFLAGS) $(OBJECTS) -o $@
 
-%.o: %.cpp
-	$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
+%.o: %.cpp ../src/json.hpp src/catch.hpp
+	@echo "[CXX]   $@"
+	@$(CXX) $(CXXFLAGS) $(CPPFLAGS) -c $< -o $@
 
 clean:
 	rm -fr json_unit $(OBJECTS)

test/src/unit-runner.cpp → test/src/unit-allocator.cpp

@@ -26,5 +26,38 @@ OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE  OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
 SOFTWARE.
 */
 
-#define CATCH_CONFIG_MAIN
 #include "catch.hpp"
+
+#include "json.hpp"
+using nlohmann::json;
+
+// special test case to check if memory is leaked if constructor throws
+
+template<class T>
+struct my_allocator : std::allocator<T>
+{
+    template<class... Args>
+    void construct(T*, Args&& ...)
+    {
+        throw std::bad_alloc();
+    }
+};
+
+TEST_CASE("bad_alloc")
+{
+    SECTION("bad_alloc")
+    {
+        // create JSON type using the throwing allocator
+        using my_json = nlohmann::basic_json<std::map,
+              std::vector,
+              std::string,
+              bool,
+              std::int64_t,
+              std::uint64_t,
+              double,
+              my_allocator>;
+
+        // creating an object should throw
+        CHECK_THROWS_AS(my_json j(my_json::value_t::object), std::bad_alloc);
+    }
+}

test/src/unit-class_lexer.cpp

+/*
+    __ _____ _____ _____
+ __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++ (test suite)
+|  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 2.0.2
+|_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+
+Licensed under the MIT License <http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>.
+Copyright (c) 2013-2016 Niels Lohmann <http://nlohmann.me>.
+
+Permission is hereby  granted, free of charge, to any  person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated  documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software  without restriction, including without  limitation the rights
+to  use, copy,  modify, merge,  publish, distribute,  sublicense, and/or  sell
+copies  of  the Software,  and  to  permit persons  to  whom  the Software  is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE  IS PROVIDED "AS  IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY  OF ANY KIND,  EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED,  INCLUDING BUT  NOT  LIMITED TO  THE  WARRANTIES OF  MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND  NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT  SHALL THE
+AUTHORS  OR COPYRIGHT  HOLDERS  BE  LIABLE FOR  ANY  CLAIM,  DAMAGES OR  OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF  CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE  OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+#include "catch.hpp"
+
+#define private public
+#include "json.hpp"
+using nlohmann::json;
+
+TEST_CASE("lexer class")
+{
+    SECTION("scan")
+    {
+        SECTION("structural characters")
+        {
+            CHECK(json::lexer("[").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::begin_array);
+            CHECK(json::lexer("]").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::end_array);
+            CHECK(json::lexer("{").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::begin_object);
+            CHECK(json::lexer("}").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::end_object);
+            CHECK(json::lexer(",").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::value_separator);
+            CHECK(json::lexer(":").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::name_separator);
+        }
+
+        SECTION("literal names")
+        {
+            CHECK(json::lexer("null").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::literal_null);
+            CHECK(json::lexer("true").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::literal_true);
+            CHECK(json::lexer("false").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::literal_false);
+        }
+
+        SECTION("numbers")
+        {
+            CHECK(json::lexer("0").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::value_number);
+            CHECK(json::lexer("1").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::value_number);
+            CHECK(json::lexer("2").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::value_number);
+            CHECK(json::lexer("3").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::value_number);
+            CHECK(json::lexer("4").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::value_number);
+            CHECK(json::lexer("5").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::value_number);
+            CHECK(json::lexer("6").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::value_number);
+            CHECK(json::lexer("7").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::value_number);
+            CHECK(json::lexer("8").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::value_number);
+            CHECK(json::lexer("9").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::value_number);
+        }
+
+        SECTION("whitespace")
+        {
+            // result is end_of_input, because not token is following
+            CHECK(json::lexer(" ").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::end_of_input);
+            CHECK(json::lexer("\t").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::end_of_input);
+            CHECK(json::lexer("\n").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::end_of_input);
+            CHECK(json::lexer("\r").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::end_of_input);
+            CHECK(json::lexer(" \t\n\r\n\t ").scan() == json::lexer::token_type::end_of_input);
+        }
+    }
+
+    SECTION("token_type_name")
+    {
+        CHECK(json::lexer::token_type_name(json::lexer::token_type::uninitialized) == "<uninitialized>");
+        CHECK(json::lexer::token_type_name(json::lexer::token_type::literal_true) == "true literal");
+        CHECK(json::lexer::token_type_name(json::lexer::token_type::literal_false) == "false literal");
+        CHECK(json::lexer::token_type_name(json::lexer::token_type::literal_null) == "null literal");
+        CHECK(json::lexer::token_type_name(json::lexer::token_type::value_string) == "string literal");
+        CHECK(json::lexer::token_type_name(json::lexer::token_type::value_number) == "number literal");
+        CHECK(json::lexer::token_type_name(json::lexer::token_type::begin_array) == "'['");
+        CHECK(json::lexer::token_type_name(json::lexer::token_type::begin_object) == "'{'");
+        CHECK(json::lexer::token_type_name(json::lexer::token_type::end_array) == "']'");
+        CHECK(json::lexer::token_type_name(json::lexer::token_type::end_object) == "'}'");
+        CHECK(json::lexer::token_type_name(json::lexer::token_type::name_separator) == "':'");
+        CHECK(json::lexer::token_type_name(json::lexer::token_type::value_separator) == "','");
+        CHECK(json::lexer::token_type_name(json::lexer::token_type::parse_error) == "<parse error>");
+        CHECK(json::lexer::token_type_name(json::lexer::token_type::end_of_input) == "end of input");
+    }
+
+    SECTION("parse errors on first character")
+    {
+        for (int c = 1; c < 128; ++c)
+        {
+            auto s = std::string(1, c);
+
+            switch (c)
+            {
+                // single characters that are valid tokens
+                case ('['):
+                case (']'):
+                case ('{'):
+                case ('}'):
+                case (','):
+                case (':'):
+                case ('0'):
+                case ('1'):
+                case ('2'):
+                case ('3'):
+                case ('4'):
+                case ('5'):
+                case ('6'):
+                case ('7'):
+                case ('8'):
+                case ('9'):
+                {
+                    CHECK(json::lexer(s.c_str()).scan() != json::lexer::token_type::parse_error);
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // whitespace
+                case (' '):
+                case ('\t'):
+                case ('\n'):
+                case ('\r'):
+                {
+                    CHECK(json::lexer(s.c_str()).scan() == json::lexer::token_type::end_of_input);
+                    break;
+                }
+
+                // anything else is not expected
+                default:
+                {
+                    CHECK(json::lexer(s.c_str()).scan() == json::lexer::token_type::parse_error);
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    SECTION("to_unicode")
+    {
+        CHECK(json::lexer::to_unicode(0x1F4A9) == "💩");
+        CHECK_THROWS_AS(json::lexer::to_unicode(0x200000), std::out_of_range);
+        CHECK_THROWS_WITH(json::lexer::to_unicode(0x200000), "code points above 0x10FFFF are invalid");
+    }
+}

test/src/unit-concepts.cpp

+/*
+    __ _____ _____ _____
+ __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++ (test suite)
+|  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 2.0.2
+|_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+
+Licensed under the MIT License <http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>.
+Copyright (c) 2013-2016 Niels Lohmann <http://nlohmann.me>.
+
+Permission is hereby  granted, free of charge, to any  person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated  documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software  without restriction, including without  limitation the rights
+to  use, copy,  modify, merge,  publish, distribute,  sublicense, and/or  sell
+copies  of  the Software,  and  to  permit persons  to  whom  the Software  is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE  IS PROVIDED "AS  IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY  OF ANY KIND,  EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED,  INCLUDING BUT  NOT  LIMITED TO  THE  WARRANTIES OF  MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND  NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT  SHALL THE
+AUTHORS  OR COPYRIGHT  HOLDERS  BE  LIABLE FOR  ANY  CLAIM,  DAMAGES OR  OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF  CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE  OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+#include "catch.hpp"
+
+#include "json.hpp"
+using nlohmann::json;
+
+TEST_CASE("concepts")
+{
+    SECTION("container requirements for json")
+    {
+        // X: container class: json
+        // T: type of objects: json
+        // a, b: values of type X: json
+
+        // TABLE 96 - Container Requirements
+
+        // X::value_type must return T
+        CHECK((std::is_same<json::value_type, json>::value));
+
+        // X::reference must return lvalue of T
+        CHECK((std::is_same<json::reference, json&>::value));
+
+        // X::const_reference must return const lvalue of T
+        CHECK((std::is_same<json::const_reference, const json&>::value));
+
+        // X::iterator must return iterator whose value_type is T
+        CHECK((std::is_same<json::iterator::value_type, json>::value));
+        // X::iterator must meet the forward iterator requirements
+        CHECK((std::is_base_of<std::forward_iterator_tag, typename std::iterator_traits<json::iterator>::iterator_category>::value));
+        // X::iterator must be convertible to X::const_iterator
+        CHECK((std::is_convertible<json::iterator, json::const_iterator>::value));
+
+        // X::const_iterator must return iterator whose value_type is T
+        CHECK((std::is_same<json::const_iterator::value_type, json>::value));
+        // X::const_iterator must meet the forward iterator requirements
+        CHECK((std::is_base_of<std::forward_iterator_tag, typename std::iterator_traits<json::const_iterator>::iterator_category>::value));
+
+        // X::difference_type must return a signed integer
+        CHECK((std::is_signed<json::difference_type>::value));
+        // X::difference_type must be identical to X::iterator::difference_type
+        CHECK((std::is_same<json::difference_type, json::iterator::difference_type>::value));
+        // X::difference_type must be identical to X::const_iterator::difference_type
+        CHECK((std::is_same<json::difference_type, json::const_iterator::difference_type>::value));
+
+        // X::size_type must return an unsigned integer
+        CHECK((std::is_unsigned<json::size_type>::value));
+        // X::size_type can represent any non-negative value of X::difference_type
+        CHECK(std::numeric_limits<json::difference_type>::max() <=
+              std::numeric_limits<json::size_type>::max());
+
+        // the expression "X u" has the post-condition "u.empty()"
+        {
+            json u;
+            CHECK(u.empty());
+        }
+
+        // the expression "X()" has the post-condition "X().empty()"
+        CHECK(json().empty());
+    }
+
+    SECTION("class json")
+    {
+        SECTION("DefaultConstructible")
+        {
+            CHECK(std::is_nothrow_default_constructible<json>::value);
+        }
+
+        SECTION("MoveConstructible")
+        {
+            CHECK(std::is_nothrow_move_constructible<json>::value);
+        }
+
+        SECTION("CopyConstructible")
+        {
+            CHECK(std::is_copy_constructible<json>::value);
+        }
+
+        SECTION("MoveAssignable")
+        {
+            CHECK(std::is_nothrow_move_assignable<json>::value);
+        }
+
+        SECTION("CopyAssignable")
+        {
+            CHECK(std::is_copy_assignable<json>::value);
+        }
+
+        SECTION("Destructible")
+        {
+            CHECK(std::is_nothrow_destructible<json>::value);
+        }
+
+        SECTION("StandardLayoutType")
+        {
+            CHECK(std::is_standard_layout<json>::value);
+        }
+    }
+
+    SECTION("class iterator")
+    {
+        SECTION("CopyConstructible")
+        {
+            CHECK(std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<json::iterator>::value);
+            CHECK(std::is_nothrow_copy_constructible<json::const_iterator>::value);
+        }
+
+        SECTION("CopyAssignable")
+        {
+            // STL iterators used by json::iterator don't pass this test in Debug mode
+#if !defined(_MSC_VER) || (_ITERATOR_DEBUG_LEVEL == 0)
+            CHECK(std::is_nothrow_copy_assignable<json::iterator>::value);
+            CHECK(std::is_nothrow_copy_assignable<json::const_iterator>::value);
+#endif
+        }
+
+        SECTION("Destructible")
+        {
+            CHECK(std::is_nothrow_destructible<json::iterator>::value);
+            CHECK(std::is_nothrow_destructible<json::const_iterator>::value);
+        }
+
+        SECTION("Swappable")
+        {
+            {
+                json j {1, 2, 3};
+                json::iterator it1 = j.begin();
+                json::iterator it2 = j.end();
+                std::swap(it1, it2);
+                CHECK(it1 == j.end());
+                CHECK(it2 == j.begin());
+            }
+            {
+                json j {1, 2, 3};
+                json::const_iterator it1 = j.cbegin();
+                json::const_iterator it2 = j.cend();
+                std::swap(it1, it2);
+                CHECK(it1 == j.end());
+                CHECK(it2 == j.begin());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

test/src/unit-convenience.cpp

+/*
+    __ _____ _____ _____
+ __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++ (test suite)
+|  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 2.0.2
+|_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+
+Licensed under the MIT License <http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>.
+Copyright (c) 2013-2016 Niels Lohmann <http://nlohmann.me>.
+
+Permission is hereby  granted, free of charge, to any  person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated  documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software  without restriction, including without  limitation the rights
+to  use, copy,  modify, merge,  publish, distribute,  sublicense, and/or  sell
+copies  of  the Software,  and  to  permit persons  to  whom  the Software  is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE  IS PROVIDED "AS  IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY  OF ANY KIND,  EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED,  INCLUDING BUT  NOT  LIMITED TO  THE  WARRANTIES OF  MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND  NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT  SHALL THE
+AUTHORS  OR COPYRIGHT  HOLDERS  BE  LIABLE FOR  ANY  CLAIM,  DAMAGES OR  OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF  CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE  OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+#include "catch.hpp"
+
+#define private public
+#include "json.hpp"
+using nlohmann::json;
+
+TEST_CASE("convenience functions")
+{
+    SECTION("type name as string")
+    {
+        CHECK(json(json::value_t::null).type_name() == "null");
+        CHECK(json(json::value_t::object).type_name() == "object");
+        CHECK(json(json::value_t::array).type_name() == "array");
+        CHECK(json(json::value_t::number_integer).type_name() == "number");
+        CHECK(json(json::value_t::number_unsigned).type_name() == "number");
+        CHECK(json(json::value_t::number_float).type_name() == "number");
+        CHECK(json(json::value_t::boolean).type_name() == "boolean");
+        CHECK(json(json::value_t::string).type_name() == "string");
+        CHECK(json(json::value_t::discarded).type_name() == "discarded");
+    }
+
+    SECTION("string escape")
+    {
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\"") == "\\\"");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\\") == "\\\\");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\b") == "\\b");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\f") == "\\f");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\n") == "\\n");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\r") == "\\r");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\t") == "\\t");
+
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x01") == "\\u0001");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x02") == "\\u0002");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x03") == "\\u0003");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x04") == "\\u0004");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x05") == "\\u0005");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x06") == "\\u0006");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x07") == "\\u0007");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x08") == "\\b");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x09") == "\\t");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x0a") == "\\n");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x0b") == "\\u000b");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x0c") == "\\f");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x0d") == "\\r");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x0e") == "\\u000e");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x0f") == "\\u000f");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x10") == "\\u0010");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x11") == "\\u0011");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x12") == "\\u0012");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x13") == "\\u0013");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x14") == "\\u0014");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x15") == "\\u0015");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x16") == "\\u0016");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x17") == "\\u0017");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x18") == "\\u0018");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x19") == "\\u0019");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x1a") == "\\u001a");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x1b") == "\\u001b");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x1c") == "\\u001c");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x1d") == "\\u001d");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x1e") == "\\u001e");
+        CHECK(json::escape_string("\x1f") == "\\u001f");
+    }
+}

test/src/unit-deserialization.cpp

+/*
+    __ _____ _____ _____
+ __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++ (test suite)
+|  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 2.0.2
+|_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+
+Licensed under the MIT License <http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>.
+Copyright (c) 2013-2016 Niels Lohmann <http://nlohmann.me>.
+
+Permission is hereby  granted, free of charge, to any  person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated  documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software  without restriction, including without  limitation the rights
+to  use, copy,  modify, merge,  publish, distribute,  sublicense, and/or  sell
+copies  of  the Software,  and  to  permit persons  to  whom  the Software  is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE  IS PROVIDED "AS  IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY  OF ANY KIND,  EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED,  INCLUDING BUT  NOT  LIMITED TO  THE  WARRANTIES OF  MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND  NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT  SHALL THE
+AUTHORS  OR COPYRIGHT  HOLDERS  BE  LIABLE FOR  ANY  CLAIM,  DAMAGES OR  OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF  CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE  OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+#include "catch.hpp"
+
+#include "json.hpp"
+using nlohmann::json;
+
+TEST_CASE("deserialization")
+{
+    SECTION("stream")
+    {
+        std::stringstream ss;
+        ss << "[\"foo\",1,2,3,false,{\"one\":1}]";
+        json j = json::parse(ss);
+        CHECK(j == json({"foo", 1, 2, 3, false, {{"one", 1}}}));
+    }
+
+    SECTION("string")
+    {
+        auto s = "[\"foo\",1,2,3,false,{\"one\":1}]";
+        json j = json::parse(s);
+        CHECK(j == json({"foo", 1, 2, 3, false, {{"one", 1}}}));
+    }
+
+    SECTION("operator<<")
+    {
+        std::stringstream ss;
+        ss << "[\"foo\",1,2,3,false,{\"one\":1}]";
+        json j;
+        j << ss;
+        CHECK(j == json({"foo", 1, 2, 3, false, {{"one", 1}}}));
+    }
+
+    SECTION("operator>>")
+    {
+        std::stringstream ss;
+        ss << "[\"foo\",1,2,3,false,{\"one\":1}]";
+        json j;
+        ss >> j;
+        CHECK(j == json({"foo", 1, 2, 3, false, {{"one", 1}}}));
+    }
+
+    SECTION("user-defined string literal")
+    {
+        CHECK("[\"foo\",1,2,3,false,{\"one\":1}]"_json == json({"foo", 1, 2, 3, false, {{"one", 1}}}));
+    }
+}

test/src/unit-reference_access.cpp

+/*
+    __ _____ _____ _____
+ __|  |   __|     |   | |  JSON for Modern C++ (test suite)
+|  |  |__   |  |  | | | |  version 2.0.2
+|_____|_____|_____|_|___|  https://github.com/nlohmann/json
+
+Licensed under the MIT License <http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT>.
+Copyright (c) 2013-2016 Niels Lohmann <http://nlohmann.me>.
+
+Permission is hereby  granted, free of charge, to any  person obtaining a copy
+of this software and associated  documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
+in the Software  without restriction, including without  limitation the rights
+to  use, copy,  modify, merge,  publish, distribute,  sublicense, and/or  sell
+copies  of  the Software,  and  to  permit persons  to  whom  the Software  is
+furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
+
+The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
+copies or substantial portions of the Software.
+
+THE SOFTWARE  IS PROVIDED "AS  IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY  OF ANY KIND,  EXPRESS OR
+IMPLIED,  INCLUDING BUT  NOT  LIMITED TO  THE  WARRANTIES OF  MERCHANTABILITY,
+FITNESS FOR  A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND  NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT  SHALL THE
+AUTHORS  OR COPYRIGHT  HOLDERS  BE  LIABLE FOR  ANY  CLAIM,  DAMAGES OR  OTHER
+LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF  CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
+OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE  OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
+SOFTWARE.
+*/
+
+#include "catch.hpp"
+
+#include "json.hpp"
+using nlohmann::json;
+
+TEST_CASE("reference access")
+{
+    // create a JSON value with different types
+    json json_types =
+    {
+        {"boolean", true},
+        {
+            "number", {
+                {"integer", 42},
+                {"floating-point", 17.23}
+            }
+        },
+        {"string", "Hello, world!"},
+        {"array", {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}},
+        {"null", nullptr}
+    };
+
+    SECTION("reference access to object_t")
+    {
+        using test_type = json::object_t;
+        json value = {{"one", 1}, {"two", 2}};
+
+        // check if references are returned correctly
+        test_type& p1 = value.get_ref<test_type&>();
+        CHECK(&p1 == value.get_ptr<test_type*>());
+        CHECK(p1 == value.get<test_type>());
+
+        const test_type& p2 = value.get_ref<const test_type&>();
+        CHECK(&p2 == value.get_ptr<const test_type*>());
+        CHECK(p2 == value.get<test_type>());
+
+        // check if mismatching references throw correctly
+        CHECK_NOTHROW(value.get_ref<json::object_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::array_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::string_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::boolean_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::number_integer_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::number_float_t&>());
+    }
+
+    SECTION("const reference access to const object_t")
+    {
+        using test_type = json::object_t;
+        const json value = {{"one", 1}, {"two", 2}};
+
+        // this should not compile
+        // test_type& p1 = value.get_ref<test_type&>();
+
+        // check if references are returned correctly
+        const test_type& p2 = value.get_ref<const test_type&>();
+        CHECK(&p2 == value.get_ptr<const test_type*>());
+        CHECK(p2 == value.get<test_type>());
+    }
+
+    SECTION("reference access to array_t")
+    {
+        using test_type = json::array_t;
+        json value = {1, 2, 3, 4};
+
+        // check if references are returned correctly
+        test_type& p1 = value.get_ref<test_type&>();
+        CHECK(&p1 == value.get_ptr<test_type*>());
+        CHECK(p1 == value.get<test_type>());
+
+        const test_type& p2 = value.get_ref<const test_type&>();
+        CHECK(&p2 == value.get_ptr<const test_type*>());
+        CHECK(p2 == value.get<test_type>());
+
+        // check if mismatching references throw correctly
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::object_t&>());
+        CHECK_NOTHROW(value.get_ref<json::array_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::string_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::boolean_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::number_integer_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::number_float_t&>());
+    }
+
+    SECTION("reference access to string_t")
+    {
+        using test_type = json::string_t;
+        json value = "hello";
+
+        // check if references are returned correctly
+        test_type& p1 = value.get_ref<test_type&>();
+        CHECK(&p1 == value.get_ptr<test_type*>());
+        CHECK(p1 == value.get<test_type>());
+
+        const test_type& p2 = value.get_ref<const test_type&>();
+        CHECK(&p2 == value.get_ptr<const test_type*>());
+        CHECK(p2 == value.get<test_type>());
+
+        // check if mismatching references throw correctly
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::object_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::array_t&>());
+        CHECK_NOTHROW(value.get_ref<json::string_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::boolean_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::number_integer_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::number_float_t&>());
+    }
+
+    SECTION("reference access to boolean_t")
+    {
+        using test_type = json::boolean_t;
+        json value = false;
+
+        // check if references are returned correctly
+        test_type& p1 = value.get_ref<test_type&>();
+        CHECK(&p1 == value.get_ptr<test_type*>());
+        CHECK(p1 == value.get<test_type>());
+
+        const test_type& p2 = value.get_ref<const test_type&>();
+        CHECK(&p2 == value.get_ptr<const test_type*>());
+        CHECK(p2 == value.get<test_type>());
+
+        // check if mismatching references throw correctly
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::object_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::array_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::string_t&>());
+        CHECK_NOTHROW(value.get_ref<json::boolean_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::number_integer_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::number_float_t&>());
+    }
+
+    SECTION("reference access to number_integer_t")
+    {
+        using test_type = json::number_integer_t;
+        json value = 23;
+
+        // check if references are returned correctly
+        test_type& p1 = value.get_ref<test_type&>();
+        CHECK(&p1 == value.get_ptr<test_type*>());
+        CHECK(p1 == value.get<test_type>());
+
+        const test_type& p2 = value.get_ref<const test_type&>();
+        CHECK(&p2 == value.get_ptr<const test_type*>());
+        CHECK(p2 == value.get<test_type>());
+
+        // check if mismatching references throw correctly
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::object_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::array_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::string_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::boolean_t&>());
+        CHECK_NOTHROW(value.get_ref<json::number_integer_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::number_float_t&>());
+    }
+
+    SECTION("reference access to number_float_t")
+    {
+        using test_type = json::number_float_t;
+        json value = 42.23;
+
+        // check if references are returned correctly
+        test_type& p1 = value.get_ref<test_type&>();
+        CHECK(&p1 == value.get_ptr<test_type*>());
+        CHECK(p1 == value.get<test_type>());
+
+        const test_type& p2 = value.get_ref<const test_type&>();
+        CHECK(&p2 == value.get_ptr<const test_type*>());
+        CHECK(p2 == value.get<test_type>());
+
+        // check if mismatching references throw correctly
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::object_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::array_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::string_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::boolean_t&>());
+        CHECK_THROWS(value.get_ref<json::number_integer_t&>());
+        CHECK_NOTHROW(value.get_ref<json::number_float_t&>());
+    }
+}